The 10kW transmitters could run on the Henschel generator beside the two main MAN units and also a Cummins unit on the aft deck behind the wheelhouse.[29]. Radio Caroline's first programme, on 28 March 1964, was presented by Chris Moore. For several months only one transmitter could be used, leading to the loss of the income-generating Radio Monique, although a substitute Dutch daytime service, Radio 558 (later Radio 819), was eventually established. In March 1968, the very existence of Radio Caroline was threatened when both the MV Caroline and Mi Amigo were boarded and seized before being towed to Amsterdam by a salvage company to secure unpaid bills owed to a Dutch firm. (Anderson): Yeah. Caroline Hepker. The benefits, entitlements as a RAJAR subscriber and the data explained. Four studios were on board, enabling other broadcasting services. Bubblegum Lemonade released "Caroline's Radio" in 2010 which was a nostalgic look back at listening to Radio Caroline. Because commercial radio was prohibited in Belgium, Radio Mi Amigo had little competition from the former BRT State Radio and TV (today VRT Flemisch State radio and TV) and became very popular in Belgium, the Netherlands and the UK. London, United Kingdom. On Easter Saturday, my parents wanted to go and view a show house on a new estate. [6] Because of the Christmas holidays, no solicitors were available to issue a writ and the ship lay in Amsterdam harbour until O'Rahilly arranged for it to be towed back to sea. It's Source of your ultimate Entertainment. In 1990 the UK government amended the 1967 anti-offshore law to allow the boarding and silencing of stations in international waters if their signals could be received in the UK, even if their vessels were foreign-registered and operated. In Happy Birthday Tony Blackburn: 80 Poptastic Years on Radio 2, Dermot O'Leary will talk to Tony about his life and career and surprises him with . Backed by wealthy investors which included Jocelyn Stevens of the popular Queen Magazine, the station was bizarrely named after Caroline Kennedy the daughter of assassinated US President John F Kennedy. The late 1970's model of Radio Caroline is still my favourite, despite the fact they were on and off the air more than a partisan station in WW2. News at peak hours: 7, 8, 9am, 1pm; 5, 6, 7pm, with headlines at 6:30am, 7:30am and 8:30am. Radio Caroline South's 259 metres signal was now near those of Radio London on 266m (1133kHz) and the BBC's Light Programme on 247m (1214kHz). Whittingham was unable to leave on the tender when a storm arose. By Aisha Majid. ", Finally, here is Mark Reynolds writing in from Buckinghamshire and thanking all the people who tried to keep the memory of Radio Caroline alive over the years: "I did learn about offshore radio in late 1966 and followed the stations from that point on. In November 1985, the competing offshore station, Laser 558, closed after electrical problems and Caroline moved from 576kHz to Laser's 558kHz frequency, with a Top 40 music format similar to Laser's under the name Caroline 558. Important information on how the survey works and who and what we measure. media reports and the shock of hearing just how powerful the signal was. (i) 963 kHz: unformatted free-choice album format, with news. Listening Statistics: 23 Facts You Need to Hear. "Europe's Best Music on Europe's Best Music Station" Format: community, classic rock. Round Midnight was confined to closedown on Radio Caroline North after The World Tomorrow. The following day we went to Caroline House in The Hague. To complete my story, I have to tell you that all this motivated me highly to assist the Dutch Caroline organization. The latest listening figures revealed that the Radio 2 breakfast show audience has fallen to its lowest level for a decade. The name was taken from Caroline Bay, a popular recreation area nearby. How different it seemed six weeks later when the Mi Amigo had no mast and RNI no English service. BBC Radio 4 had 10.48m listeners with 6.62m tuning in for The Today programme (Mon-Sat). When the US-backed Radio London arrived off the coast of England, there was an unsuccessful attempt to merge its sales operation with that of Caroline before Radio London started transmissions. However, the storm had weakened the mast, which collapsed in another storm later. [21] It was not until RNI returned to its original anchorage off the Netherlands that the jamming ceased. The first record played was Fool (If You Think It's Over), by Chris Rea, dedicated to the British Home Office. On this page we have collected a few exemplary ones. RNI operated on medium wave, short wave and FM. Caroline Flashback provides an alternative service for loyal and new listeners, who want to hear tracks from this exciting era. Most Read. Unhappy at the loss of advertising, Radio Mi Amigo terminated its contract with Caroline in November 1978 and broadcast from its own ship, the MV Magdalena later that year, but this was short-lived. However, the ship sank in a storm in March 1980 after losing its anchor. When we started our series to commemorate the forty years of Radio Caroline, we asked the readers to write down their memories of the station in just a few lines. The station had some success but stopped broadcasting due to lack of funding. Murdaugh is heckled as he leaves court, Ken Bruce finishes his 30-year tenure as host of BBC Radio 2, Missing hiker buried under snow forces arm out to wave to helicopter, Hershey's Canada releases HER for SHE bars featuring a trans activist, Insane moment river of rocks falls onto Malibu Canyon in CA, Fleet-footed cop chases an offender riding a scooter, Family of a 10-month-old baby filmed vaping open up. Caroline Hepker anchors Bloomberg Radio's 'Daybreak Europe' programme, on-air live from 6-10am weekday mornings. One 5kW transmitter was initially not serviceable. His programme, which airs five days a week, rose from 4.3 million to 4.5 million listeners between the . Luckily, up till the end of last year, the station succeeded in selling a lot of airtime to American religious organisations. BBC Radio 2 has the best radio audience figures in the UK, with a reach of almost 14.58 million per week. Programmes were recorded on land and broadcast between 6a.m. and 7p.m. During 2013, a survey showed a continued move from satellite reception and growth in internet listening. Owner: Planet Sales Ltd. First air date: 1964. A licenced and registered bureaux that wishes to supply bureaux services using RAJAR data is permitted to do so. Two aerials and twin transmitters were used for about six weeks until the aerial mast failed. This comes after Steve Wright, Craig Charles, Paul O'Grady, Vanessa Feltz and Ken Bruce all left Radio 2 in a mass exodus over the past six months. [8] On a fund-raising trip to the U.S., O'Rahilly reportedly saw a Life magazine photograph of Kennedy and his children in the Oval Office that served as the inspiration for the name "Caroline Radio". [26] The station's offices and studios were in Brakel, Belgium, but moved to Castell-Platja d'Aro, Costa Brava, Spain in March 1975 after a raid by Belgian police. [66], In October 2020, a new station using the Caroline name and logo launched in Burnham-on-Crouch, broadcasting to the Maldon District of Essex on 94.7FM. Radio Caroline had greater night-time interference, and it was decided to move Caroline to a new frequency. Welcome to the Radio Caroline Web Shop, run by volunteers to help the running of the radio station and the preservation and restoration of its radio ship, the Ross Revenge, in the estuary of the River Blackwater in the county of Essex, UK. Radio Caroline began to broadcast from the ship on 19 August 1983, with unwanted mechanical sounds on speech. TalkRadio, its culture war-loving sister radio station, also hit a record audience figure of 650,000 listeners - causing much delight among some of the station's staff, who said they have grown. Two days later, Mi Amigo was towed to IJmuiden and seized because of unpaid bills. Without serious competition, Radio Caroline gained a regular daytime audience of some 7 million.[12]. The Mi Amigo was tendered clandestinely from Britain, France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Furthermore, it was stated that the pirates' use of wavelengths also broke international agreements. Broadcasting Hours: 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. and 12 midnight to 2a.m. Mary wrote us: "I wondered if your series should be including the titles of any of the records played on the Test Transmission tapes? Radio Caroline was founded by Irish businessman Ronan O'Rahilly and George Drummond. Radio 1Xtra had 744k listeners, BBC Radio. First you need good audience figures and to do that a greater prominence needs to be sought, hence the push for a Sky EPG listing. On 1 October 1989, Radio Caroline restarted broadcasting from the Ross Revenge using makeshift equipment and low power, to retain the 558kHz frequency. My parents' house in Holyhead, North Wales, looked out over Newry Beach and we often saw various ships stopping off just behind the breakwater to pick up the pilot for their onward journey Blue Funnel line vessels in particular. Kennedy. News service at peak hours. On 5 November 1990, lack of fuel and supplies forced the station to stop transmitting. [30] Radio Caroline returned to the air on 15 April 1979. [27] The album was reissued on CD on Ross Records, c.1992, and in a "30th Anniversary Edition" with bonus material on SMC Records in 2005. Using land-based studios leased in Kent[51] in the late 1990s, the station began broadcasting via satellites Astra 19.2E and Eutelsat 28A, covering western Europe. Radio Caroline 4+ Patrick Mounteney 4.6 10 Ratings Free iPhone Screenshots Listen live to the world famous Radio Caroline on your iOS device. In mid-September 1965, the crew and DJs on MV Mi Amigo were joined for the weekend by 1960s pop singer Sylvan Whittingham, who visited the ship to promote her single "We Don't Belong". Within months, the unlicensed operation had merged with another station broadcasting from a separate boat near the Isle of Man. Part of being a good communicator means knowing how to listen. By and large the old hands ignored us but Rob was very enthusiastic and took us to the top floor where the new studios of Radio Mi Amigo were being given a dry run. That this House expresses its disappointment that, having pioneered commercial radio in the UK and for the past decade being a fully licensed broadcaster, Radio Caroline, a cornerstone of British radio history, has been denied by OFCOM the opportunity to secure a medium wave frequency from which to broadcast; regrets that as a result its devoted listeners are confined to listening to Radio Caroline via the internet and unable to enjoy its musical offerings in transit; and calls on OFCOM to exhaust all avenues in making the provisions available for Radio Caroline to celebrate its 50th birthday in 2014 by broadcasting on a medium wave frequency which, it appears, is unwanted by both BBC and commercial operators as a broadcast platform. Details of the modified methodology introduced since the Covid Pandemic. Radio Caroline broadcasts music from the 1960s to contemporary, with an emphasis on album-oriented rock (AOR) and "new" music from "carefully selected albums". Ray Clark) and Rob Charles. This request, and one to stop transmissions on 819kHz, was refused. In 1987, the Territorial Sea Act[38] extended the UK maritime limit from three to 12 nautical miles (22km). However, in October 1987 a massive storm hit southern England, causing deaths and severe damage. In addition, we have used some data from our BBC and Commercial Stakeholders from their own independent case studies during lockdown and these are sourced accordingly. [14] Presenters Tony Blackburn, Roger Gale, Ray Teret, Simon Dee, Tony Prince, Spangles Muldoon, Keith Skues, Johnnie Walker, Robbie Dale, Dave Lee Travis, Tommy Vance, Tom Edwards, Paul Noble, Bob Stewart and Andy Archer became well known. BBC Radio 5 Live posted a reach of 5.89m listeners. [19], Because of the rise of land-based pirate stations after the MOA became law (usually stations run from bedrooms or outdoor sheds with small wattage transmitters), at least two stations later broadcast using the Caroline name, one based in Dublin. Lord Annan, author of the 1977 Report of the Committee on the Future of Broadcasting, spoke in defence of Radio Caroline in the House of Lords at report stage on the Broadcasting Act 1990, saying "Why break a butterfly upon the wheel? [25] The ship anchored off the Dutch coastal resort of Scheveningen and was serviced and operated from the Netherlands. The station's slogan was Your all-day music station. The Dutch government banned unlicensed offshore radio on 1 September 1974. [6] The first programme, which was pre-recorded, was hosted by Chris Moore. [6] The TV operation was later found to be a publicity stunt.[24]. This memory has never left me and I can remember it made us all late for school, though as my mother was also my teacher at primary school, it didn't matter so much for me! It was claimed in 1964 by Caroline's manager that they had a larger audience than the BBC. Several years later some of the seized items were returned to the station. Meanwhile, Radio Mi Amigo had interference on 1562kHz and changed to 1412kHz (212 m). I think so. In October 1965, O'Rahilly bought Crawford's interest in the MV Mi Amigo and engaged Tom Lodge from Radio Caroline North to make programme changes and regain the audience from Radio London. Just after midnight GMT on 20 March 1980, the Mi Amigo foundered in a storm after losing its anchor and drifting. These stories continued and included co-operation by a former member of the Beatles[who?] At one time both stations were even claiming more than 8.8 million listeners each. Discover the history of the three RAJAR contracts, and understand the review of methods and sampling and fieldwork events timeline. Engineer Peter Chicago had hidden transmitter parts during the raid and retuned one 5kW transmitter, previously used on short-wave, to 558kHz. While 6 Music saw a 3.1 per cent dip in its quarter-on-quarter listening figures - pulling in 2.6million listeners - the station is still the UK's number one digital radio station. The Quarterly Summary Report of all stations with added features. I am taking a career break from my profession as a Sollicitor and in 2001 was fortunate to be allowed to run the news service from the Mi Amigo RSL from the LV18 where I met Bart Serlier among many others. The supermarket chain Asda and English Heritage were among the backers. Times Radio's audience fell by over a fifth quarter-on-quarter, according to the latest RAJAR radio listening figures. The whole of the school Easter holiday, my friend Mozz and I took the tranny with us everywhere. The station re-started for a second time in August 1983 from new ship the MV Ross Revenge. Radio Caroline - 2. The Huskers (16-13, 8-10 Big Ten . Later in 1973, when the contract with Radio Caroline ended, the crew of Radio Atlantis moved to their own ship, the MVJeanine.[6]. Radio Caroline is a British station from London. Radio Caroline North subsequently moved to 257m (1169kHz) but also called it 259. This market overview is based on the first three waves of the Tracking Panel, comparing listening through April, May and June with pre-lockdown. Shrewdly, the BBC also employed many of the one-time pirate DJs who had helped to make Radio Caroline a success. Ownership was hidden due to illegality of operation. Caroline returned on 9 March 1977 on 953kHz, actually 315 metres but announced as 319. [45] The Ross Revenge was salvaged and brought into harbour in Dover, ending 27 years of Radio Caroline's unlicensed offshore career. The Radio Caroline name was used to broadcast from international waters, using five different ships with three different owners, from 1964 to 1990, and via satellite from 1998 to 2013. I thought something might happen and sure enough at 1.00 p.m. British time on came RNI Second, by about 3.45 p.m. the signal was really very poor so I tuned into Manx radio and there was Daffy Don Allen with his country and Western Jamboree. (Gordon): For the moment from all of us, goodbye and God bless. [35], The Ross Revenge was larger than Mi Amigo and with more elaborate transmitting equipment: in 1983, two 5kW RCA transmitters and a RCA 50kW unit. [clarification needed]. [31] During this period each night transmission of Radio Caroline started with Calling Occupants of Interplanetary Craft by the progressive Rock Band Klaatu, issued in 1976 on their album 3:47 E.S.T. Its medium wave transmission was jammed by the UK authorities and on 13 June, RNI changed its name to Radio Caroline International with co-operation from Ronan O'Rahilly. Caroline caused more interference to Spectrum than vice versa. Hughley to Raise Awareness About Multiple Myeloma Among Black Communities. On 27 April, the Mi Amigo was fully operational. Encouraged by Scandinavian and Dutch radio pirates, in February 1964 O'Rahilly obtained the 702-ton former Danish passenger ferry Fredericia, launched in Frederikshavn in 1929,[5] which was converted into a radio ship at the Irish port of Greenore, owned by O'Rahilly's father. Most of Radio Caroline's pop music programmes were targeted at housewives, and some later programming was aimed at children. Broadcasting from various offshore locations to Western Europe, Status unclear and mainly operated by supporters, Radio Atlantis 1973 and Radio Mi-Amigo 19741978, Geographic areas bordering upon North Sea, 963 kHz (wavelength announced as "319" metres) later moving to 819 kHz with additional transmitter in 531594 kHz range (principally 558 kHz). I remember wandering around that show house with my tranny on my arm. Comedian and award-winning radio host D.L. Nowadays, Radio Caroline has to resort to other sources. Non-Dutch staff were given the option of staying on the ship or returning to the Netherlands, and most chose to stay on board. Select 'Change Stations' on the app if you wish to switch to Boom Light You can also find us listed on the TuneIn or Radioplayer app. The first was a Belgian station called Radio Atlantis, owned by Belgian businessman Adriaan van Landschoot. 'He said that's the name for my radio station,' he added. When Marine &c. Broadcasting Offences Act become law on 14 August 1967, Radio Caroline was renamed Radio Caroline International. The bureauxs client must also be a RAJAR subscriber. Menu. The station restarted in August 1983 from a new radio ship, the MV Ross Revenge, an ex-North Sea factory fishing trawler used during the Anglo-Icelandic Cod War by Ross Fisheries. The band broke up in 1977; Watt-Roy and Charles played on Ian Dury's New Boots and Panties!! RAJAR stands for Radio Joint Audience Research and is the official body in charge of measuring radio audiences in the UK. (Anderson): It's not a very good occasion really, we have to hurry this because the lifeboat is standing by. Legal status unclear due to a need to conceal actual legal ownership. Home; Stations . The four-week event was funded through on-air local business commercials. Reception at that hour was far more difficult than during daytime and so I did my utmost to get the best reception possible. Much improvement to the lay-out of the ship was planned but basically the studios would have remained. This two-day broadcast featured Phil Mitchell, Paul Dennis, Colin Lamb, John Patrick, Barry James, Steve Cisco and Clive Boutell. To my surprise Bob, in passing, mentioned the plans to get an ILR-station on the MV Ross Revenge, after the ship had stranded on the Goodwin Sands. Lincoln - Jaz Shelley and Alexis Markowski both put up big double-doubles to lead four Huskers in double figures, as the Nebraska women's basketball team rolled to an 80-64 win over Northwestern in front of more than 6,000 fans at Pinnacle Bank Arena on Sunday afternoon. In 2017, Ofcom awarded Radio Caroline its first AM licence, allowing it to broadcast to audiences in parts of Suffolk and north Essex. He was part entrepreneur, part buccaneer who broadcasted rock 'n' roll from a. We were so amazed at the size of her mast, never having seen anything like it before. Radio Caroline broadcast appeals for help, giving the ship's position as .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}5141N 135E / 51.683N 1.583E / 51.683; 1.583. 50 kW (second 10 kW transmitter later added). I don't think Grandma saw her radio again till I managed to get a small tranny of my own to replace it. At one minute past midnight on 1 October 2001, Caroline returned on 1503kHz from the LV (Light Vessel) 18 in Harwich harbour. "[61], In May 2017, Ofcom awarded the station a community licence to broadcast to Suffolk and north Essex on 648kHz with a power of 1kW.[3][62]. A bulletin report which provides information of the survey period, any new stations that have joined or any changes to the stations or groups. Yet another source of income is gifts from listeners, making the listeners still very important for the Lady's survival. It is jointly owned by the BBC and the Radiocentre on behalf of the commercial sector. Nowadays, Radio Caroline has to resort to other sources. With Face-to-Face recruitment being suspended at the end of March, RAJAR introduced a Tracking Panel to evaluate radio listening during our time in Lockdown. . Age UK cited NHS Digital figures for England which show there were 28,890 support requests for people aged 65 and over in 2021/22 where the person died without any of those services being provided. At that time I thought RNI 2 was here to stay. -1.04 -1.26%. The medium wave frequency was 235 metres (1278kHz) and programmes were sent through ISDN landline to Maidstone and via the internet and broadcast on satellite. The flagship channel enjoyed an average weekly audience of 7.7 million in the three months to. [citation needed]. He announced towards the end of the programme that it was his last show because he had accepted an offer to become programme controller of RNI! Due to generator trouble, the two services could no longer be broadcast simultaneously and Radio Caroline again broadcast at night with both stations using the 50kW transmitter and Radio Caroline began to receive more mail from the continent. 17:31 GMT 28 Sep 2021 A well-nourished captain said they often failed to appear for a tender but he always got paid! I did not succeed in getting things right every day, but I certainly felt good every time I heard the famous Caroline bell going "Ding, Ding," followed by the opening tune from those days: "On My Way Back Home" from The New Riders on the Purple Sage. Belgium had outlawed offshore radio in 1962 and prosecuted advertisers, cutting the station's revenue. Radio Caroline continued, moving its headquarters and servicing operation to Spain. Syndicated shows from the US and recorded religious programmes were also broadcast. Shortly after the law was enacted, the station was renamed as Radio Caroline International. The Dutch offshore station Radio Veronica was on 1562 kHz and Radio Atlanta broadcast on 1493 kHz. During the same quarter, on BBC Sounds there were a total of 162m plays of. The tapes were picked up in Belgium at a bus stop, taken to a small sports plane and dropped in the sea close to the radio ship. Some of these 28-day Restricted Service Licence (RSL) broadcasts took place from the Ross Revenge during the 1990s, with the ship anchored off Clacton, in London's Canary Wharf, Southend Pier and off the Isle of Sheppey in Kent. LBC saw 3million weekly listeners - a record for the station - while Talk Radio increased from 424,000 listeners to 450,000. During Easter 2008, the station broadcast live for three days from the Ross Revenge, featuring presenters who had worked on the Mi Amigo in the late 1970s: Roger Mathews, Mike Stevens, Bob Lawrence, Brian Martin, Martin Fisher, Cliff Osbourne, Jeremy Chartham, Marc Jacobs, Ad Roberts, Dick Verheul and Kees Borrell. General Radio Listening Statistics "It was just so special and so different and worth fighting . Broadcasting was in Dutch and English by day and in English at night, although for the first few months broadcasting finished at 10p.m. On 19 January 1979, the ageing ship took in water and a lifeboat was called to rescue the crew members. Tony Blackburn turns 80 years old on the 29th of January and BBC Radio 2 will celebrate the occasion in a special programme, reports OnTheRadio.. Situation: Ship 3 miles off Ramsey, Isle of Man. When we started our series to commemorate the forty years of Radio Caroline, we asked the readers to write down their memories of the station in just a few lines. "Other Radio" currently has a weekly listenership of 3.8m adults a week. In March 1964, The Fortunes recorded Caroline, which became the station's theme. Part of the raid was broadcast live[40] before officials disabled the transmitters. Two (Radio 270 and Radio London) of the remaining four UK-based offshore stations closed, but the two Caroline ships continued with their supply operation moved to Netherlands waters, where unlicensed ship-based broadcasting was not outlawed until 1974. Caroline claimed boarding the ship and removal or destruction of equipment was piracy. Since August 2000, Radio Caroline has also broadcast 24 hours a day via the internet and by the occasional restricted service licence. The founder of pirate radio, Radio Caroline, has died. The national digital station, which is owned by News UK's . Listen live to the world famous Radio Caroline on your iOS device. We arranged to meet the Caroline tender to go out to the ship but no one turned up. Southern England, western Europe, Northern England, Ireland and Scotland. Global delivers record results extending its position as the UK's #1 commercial radio company Global leads the UK commercial radio market with highest . Around this time, O'Rahilly decided Caroline should adopt an album format similar to FM progressive rock stations in the US, an audience not catered for in Europe. Dave Foster (Rpt) Nice to think about Dixie Peach, too. "Walking down the King's Road" track by Squire "In a Chelsea drug store with some friends of mine, mini skirts, dolly birds and Radio Caroline". In 2020, the show's two long-serving presenters, Jenni Murray and Jane Garvey, both departed the programme. 1980s: ", Andries Peterson from the Netherlands also has his memories of the station: "I had heard from Radio Caroline before the station started its transmissions off the Dutch coast, late 1973. But next to hearing other people talk about the subject, I never really had listened to the Sound of the Nation. Only British content are transmitting through this station so far. Browse our programme schedule, read the presenter profiles, send emails and brush up on your world, music and radio history on our 'This Day' page. I was extremely excited about the new station and borrowed a big transistor radio from my grandmother, so that I could take the music everywhere I went. [39] Caroline returned to the air using a makeshift aerial with a less powerful signal. Hughley is partnering with Janssen to empower Black communities with information and encourage better self-advocacy for their health. During a violent struggle, Calvert was shot dead. The latest NOP Audience Survey Figures show that Radio Caroline has an audience in Great Britain in excess of any other radio station with 19% aged 16 and over, whilst Radio London did have 12%. As those people, who did promote the stations with their magazines and internet sites, wouldn't have been there, we certainly wouldn't be celebrating Caroline's Fortieth Birthday this year.". (ii)576 kHz: continuation of above, with slightly more singles played. These analogue transmissions ended and a full digital service from Astra 28.2E started in February 2003.[52]. In February 1964, O'Rahilly obtained the Fredericia and converted it into a radio ship at the Irish port of Greenore, which was owned by his father. At times, a 10kW transmitter was used to save fuel and relieve the generators. From 1970 on a lot happened in offshore radio, which has often been forgotten by people who write about this subject in books. We're not leaving and disappearing, we're going onto the lifeboat hoping that the pumps can take it; if they can, we'll be back, if not, well, we really don't like to say it. The transmitter was initially too powerful for the antenna insulators. [1] Unlicensed by any government for most of its early life, it was a pirate radio station that never became illegal as such due to operating outside any national jurisdiction, although after the Marine Offences Act (1967) it became illegal for a British subject to associate with it. On a national level, though, this figure is amazingly reliable; it's a national sample size of over 100,000 adults. Caroline really got more and more attention after August 31, 1974, when the other offshore stations off the Dutch coast had to stop their transmissions, while Radio Caroline survived to please its listeners. Wavelength: 199 metres. The station hasn't the glamour anymore it had in its High Seas Days, but I'm still enjoying all the memories. Click the pic to find out more. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [6] Caroline was broken up for scrap in 1972. The Government argued that the pirate operation was a danger because of the possibility of the radio frequency interfering with emergency shipping channels.
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